Effects of phentolamine on cardiac function, myocardial injury index, and hemodynamics in septic patients with myocardial injury / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of phenolamine in the treatment of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction and its effect on cardiac function, myocardial injury index, and hemodynamics in patients.Methods:The clinical data of 79 patients with sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction who received treatment in Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Healthcare Group from February 2017 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into a control group (without phenolamine treatment, n = 41) and an observation group (with phenolamine treatment, n = 38) according to whether they received phenolamine treatment or not. Clinical efficacy, cardiac function, myocardial injury index, and hemodynamic index pre- and post-treatment were compared between the two groups. Results:There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality rate between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Intensive care unit length of stay and mechanical ventilation duration in the observation group were (9.33 ± 3.52) days and 83.00 (28.50, 138.00) hours, which were significantly shorter than (12.17 ± 4.15) days and 111.00 (47.50, 169.00) hours in the control group ( t = 3.26, Z = -2.27, both P < 0.05). The response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [81.58% (31/38) vs. 60.98% (25/41), χ2 = 4.05, P < 0.05]. After 7 days of treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction in each group was significantly increased, and the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter in each group were significantly decreased compared with before treatment (all P < 0.05). After 7 days of treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( t = 3.29, P < 0.05), and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 5.94, 11.21, both P < 0.05). N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin I levels in each group were significantly decreased with time (both P < 0.05). At 24 and 72 hours and 7 days after treatment, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin I levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (both P < 0.05). After 7 days of treatment, heart rate in each group decreased significantly compared with that before treatment (both P < 0.05), mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, and stroke output index in each group increased significantly compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.05). After 7 days of treatment, heart rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( t = 4.90, P < 0.05), and mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, and stroke output index in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = 4.37, 3.23, 6.01, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Phentolamine can improve hemodynamics, reduce myocardial injury and improve cardiac function in patients with sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction.

Blood transfusion and prognostic factors of extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation for the treatment of respiratory and circulatory failure / 中国基层医药

Objective:To analyze blood transfusion and prognostic factors of extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO) for the treatment of respiratory and circulatory failure.Methods:The clinical data of 80 patients with respiratory and circulatory failure who received treatment in Huangshi Central Hospital from March 2016 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to 28-day prognosis, these patients were divided into death group ( n = 44) and survival group ( n = 36). The general data, blood transfusion during the process of ECMO, vital signs, laboratory indicators, ventilation time, and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The factors affecting death during the process of ECMO were analyzed. Results:There were no significant differences in sex, age, body mass index, complications, the cause of respiratory and circulatory failure, and the mode of ECMO between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Preoperative Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, creatinine, procalcitonin and lactic acid levels in the survival group were (22.36 ± 3.71) points, (79.17 ± 9.29) μmol/L, (2.77 ± 0.79) ng/L, (2.74 ± 0.36) mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (34.27 ± 4.98) points, (94.16 ± 10.23) μmol/L, (3.69 ± 1.10) ng/L, (5.18 ± 0.42) mmol/L, respectively in the death group ( t = -11.89, -6.79, -5.62, -27.53, all P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in preoperative respiratory frequency, diastolic pressure, systolic pressure, heart rate, oxygenation index (PaO 2/FiO 2) and C-reactive protein between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The volume of blood transfused on the day of undergoing ECMO, the volume of blood transfused on the day of withdrawing ECMO, the volume of blood transfused during the whole process of ECMO, duration of ventilation, and the incidence of complications related to ECMO were(98.74 ± 16.28) mL, (37.23 ± 10.36) mL, (398.79 ± 67.81) mL, (210.39 ± 20.21) hours, 38.89% (14/36), respectively, which were significantly lower than (160.17 ± 23.14) mL, (48.26 ± 12.25) mL, (600.23 ± 70.12) mL, (320.14 ± 18.21) hours, 79.55% (35/44), respectively in the death group ( t = -13.43, -4.29, 4.94, 25.25, χ2 = 13.79, all P < 0.001). The length of hospital stay in the survival group was longer than that in the death group [(20.14 ± 5.36) days vs. (14.17 ± 4.23) days, t = 5.56, P < 0.001). Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, procalcition level, the volume of blood transfused on the day of ECMO, duration of ventilation, and the volume of blood transfused during the whole process of ECMO are risk factors for death after ECMO, while length of hospital stay is a protective factor for ECMO. Conclusion:Preoperative evaluation of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, continuous blood transfusion during the whole process of ECMO, grasping the opportunity of ventilation and preventing against complications of ECMO are the keys to increasing the survival rate of patients with respiratory and circulatory failure.

Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management for sepsis: update progress and scientific problems / 中华危重病急救医学

Sepsis is caused by various pathogens and toxic factors, which can lead to multiple organ dysfunction. The underlying mechanism of sepsis appears to be complex, involving epigenetic reprogramming, metabolic failure, immune dysfunction, neuroendocrine system disorders, coagulation abnormalities, tissue or organ failure, and many other scientific issues. With our deep understanding of the host reaction and development of sepsis, it is of great significance to explore predicative markers and therapeutic targets according to the atypical characteristics of sepsis, thereby contributing to the reduction of morbidity and mortality of sepsis.

Analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene mutation in newborns of Hainan Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene mutation in newborns of Hainan Province, and to provide reference for prevention and treatment of G6PD deficiency in this region.@*Methods@#Neonatal disease screening filter paper dry blood spots from all midwifery agencies were collected in 18 cities (counties) in Hainan Province from January to June 2016, G6PD activity screening test was conducted at Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, and the enzyme activity was normal when fluorescence value > 1 600, and enzyme deficiency when fluorescence value ≤1 600. Referred to "China's Major Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases Survey and Biological Resources Collection", women newborns (3 371 cases) with fluorescence values ≤2 200 and men newborns (1 620 cases) with fluorescence values ≤1 700 were included in the study. Molecular screening was performed using multicolor melting curve analysis (MMCA), and the distribution and mutation characteristics of G6PD gene mutants were analyzed.@*Results@#Among the 4 991 newborns, 2 111 cases with G6PD gene mutation, and the detection rate was 42.30% (2 111/4 991). A total of 27 G6PD gene mutants were found, including 14 single mutants and 13 composite mutants. The mutation detection rates of c.1376 G>T (21.42%, 1 069/4 991), c.1388 G>A (11.54%, 576/4 991), c.95 A>G (2.40%, 120/4 991) and c.871 G>A (2.24%, 112/4 991) were higher. The mutation detection rate (61.54%, 136/221) of Baisha County (inland area) was the highest, and the mutation detection rate (22.15%, 64/289) of Wenchang City (coastal area) was the lowest. The mutation detection rate (49.88%, 628/1 259) of the Li nationality was the highest. A total of 873 female heterozygotes were detected, including 13 gene mutants, of which 44.67% (390/873) with normal enzyme activity. The c.86 C>T heterozygous mutation was first detected in a sample of Li female with normal enzyme activity.@*Conclusions@#Hainan Province is the high incidence area of G6PD gene mutation, the most common mutations are c.1376 G>T, c.1388 G>A, c.95 A>G and c.871 G>A in newborns. Inland area is the high incidence area, and Li nationality is the high incidence population.

Analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene mutation in newborns of Hainan Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene mutation in newborns of Hainan Province,and to provide reference for prevention and treatment of G6PD deficiency in this region.Methods Neonatal disease screening filter paper dry blood spots from all midwifery agencies were collected in 18 cities (counties) in Hainan Province from January to June 2016,G6PD activity screening test was conducted at Neonatal Disease Screening Center,Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center,and the enzyme activity was normal when fluorescence value ＞ 1 600,and enzyme deficiency when fluorescence value ≤ 1 600.Referred to "China's Major Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases Survey and Biological Resources Collection",women newborns (3 371 cases) with fluorescence values ≤2 200 and men newborns (1 620 cases) with fluorescence values ≤ 1 700 were included in the study.Molecular screening was performed using multicolor melting curve analysis (MMCA),and the distribution and mutation characteristics of G6PD gene mutants were analyzed.Results Among the 4 991 newborns,2 111 cases with G6PD gene mutation,and the detection rate was 42.30％ (2 111/4 991).A total of 27 G6PD gene mutants were found,including 14 single mutants and 13 composite mutants.The mutation detection rates of c.1376 G＞T (21.42％,1 069/4 991),c.1388 G＞A (11.54％,576/4 991),c.95 A＞G (2.40％,120/4 991) and c.871 G＞A (2.24％,112/4 991) were higher.The mutation detection rate (61.54％,136/221) of Baisha County (inland area) was the highest,and the mutation detection rate (22.15％,64/289) of Wenchang City (coastal area) was the lowest.The mutation detection rate (49.88％,628/1 259) of the Li nationality was the highest.A total of 873 female heterozygotes were detected,including 13 gene mutants,of which 44.67％ (390/873) with normal enzyme activity.The c.86 C＞T heterozygous mutation was first detected in a sample of Li female with normal enzyme activity.Conclusions Hainan Province is the high incidence area of G6PD gene mutation,the most common mutations are c.1376 G＞T,c.1388 G＞A,c.95 A＞G and c.871 G＞A in newborns.Inland area is the high incidence area,and Li nationality is the high incidence population.

Analysis on the spatial clustering of multidrug resistant or rifampicin resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Wenzhou / 预防医学

Objective @#To understand the spatial distribution of multidrug resistant/rifampicin resistant pulmonary tuberculosis（MDR/RR PTB）in Wenzhou from 2014 to 2017,and to provide the scientific basis for MDR/RR TB control and prevention.@*Methods @#The data of MDR/RR PTB cases in Wenzhou from 2014 to 2017 were collected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and was associated with the geographic information database of Wenzhou Survey and Mapping Research Institute. The global spatial autocorrelation analysis was carried out by ArcGIS 10.1 to determine if there was spatial clustering of MDR/RR PTB cases in Wenzhou. The specific clustering areas of the MDR/RR PTB in Wenzhou was analyzed by SaTScan 9.3 and presented by ArcGIS.@*Results @#There were 452 MDR/RR PTB cases reported in Wenzhou from 2014 to 2017,with a total registration rate of 4.74/100 000. The incidence rate of MDR/RR PTB in Wenzhou was unevenly distributed;the areas with registration rates of more than 7.45/100 000 were the north-central parts of Yongjia,the south-central parts of Yueqing and the east-central parts of Wencheng. The results of global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there were obvious clustering for MDR/RR PTB in Wenzhou（Moran's I=0.321,Z=7.352,P<0.001）. The spatial scanning found two clusters：20 towns/streets in the southeastern part of Yongjia and the south of Yueqing were the primary clustering areas（RR=2.213,LLR=22.353,P<0.001）;Yangyi Street and Shuangyu Street in Lucheng were the secondary clustering areas（RR=2.488,LLR=9.889,P=0.004）.@*Conclusion @#The MDR/RR PTB cases reported from 2014 to 2017 in Wenzhou had spatial clustering. The high-incidence areas were in the southeast of Yongjia,south of Yueqing,Yangyi Street and Shuangyu Street of Lucheng.

Value of intraoperative ultrasound in microsurgery for intracranial lesions / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the application of intraoperative ultrasound in intracranial lesion microsurgery operation.Methods Twenty-one cases of intracranial lesions were treated by microneurosurgical operation.The intraoperative ultrasound was adopted to scan and accurately locate the lesion position,judge the lesion character and observe the relation between the lesion border with the surrounding tissues.The lesion inside and surrounding blood flow situation was observed by color Doppler ultrasound.The lesion size,range and distance from the meninges were measured.Results All cases were accurately positioned under the ultrasound guidance,and all the lesions were removed by microsurgery.Conclusion Intraoperative ultrasound flexibly,real-time and accurately localizes the lesion,shortens the operation time,avoids unnecessary normal brain tissue damage,protects the nerve function,and improves the safety and efficacy of operation.

The sympathetic nervous system mechanism of exendin-4 in respect of modulating T cell-mediated immune response to severe burns in mice / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the potential effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue exendin-4 (Ex-4) on immune function of T lymphocytes via neuroendocrine modulation mechanism in mice following severe burns.Methods Male BALB/C mice were randomly (ramdam number) divided into thermal injury group (n =50) and sham-thermal group (n =30).The thermal injury model was made by exposing the back skin of 15％ total body surface area (TBSA) to 95 ℃ water for 7 seconds,while in sham-thermal model the mice were immersed in 37 ℃ water instead.The expression of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1 R) was determined in sorted CM + T cells from normal mice by immunofluorescence method.In ex vivo experiment,the mice were sacrificed at 24 h post-bum,then the mononuclear cells (MNC) from spleen were separated from both groups and cultured in RMPI 1640 with 10％ FCS (fetal calf serum) in presence of ConA (concanavalin A,5 μg/mL).Cells were pretreated with catecholamine receptor antagonist propranolol (prop) for 1 hour,followed by consecutive dose of Ex-4 for another 48 h.In in vivo experiment,prop (30 mg/kg) was i.p.injected 30 minutes before thermal injury,then Ex-4 (2.4 nmol/kg) was injected i.p.immediately after scalding.Mice were sacrificed at 6 h and 24 h after thermal injury,then the serum and the spleens were collected.Results GLP-1R was expressed on splenic CD4 + T cells from normal micc.Ex-4 exerted no marked effect on the functions of T cells in terms of proliferation and IL-2 secretion at all doses examined ex vivo,which was not affected by pretreatment with prop.In vivo,T cell functions were suppressed by Ex-4 in thermal mice (P ＜ 0.05),but was restored by pretreatment with prop.Regardless of ex vivo or in vivo,Ex-4 could induce T cells switched to Th2 response (P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the Th2 switch by Ex-4 was greatly potentiated by prop intervention in thermal mice in vivo other than ex vivo.Norepinephrine level was increased and epinephrine was decreased by Ex-4 in thermal mice.Both norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were obviously enhanced by pretreatment with prop.Conclusions Ex-4 can inhibit the proliferation and IL-2 secretion of splenic T lymphocytes through the sympathetic nervous system,however,it might induce Th2 switch from Th cells by acting directly on GLP-1R.

Comparison of the effect of different contrast to the heart rate during coronary dual-source CT angiography / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of iodixanol-320 and iopromide-370 on the heart rate of patients in coronary dual-source CT angiography (CTA).Methods The data of 389 patients underwent coronary CTA examinations were retrospectively collected and received contrast media (CM) with either iodixanol-320 (group A) or iopromide-370 (group B), randomly.The heart rate before CM injection (predose HR), during injection (postdose HR) were both recorded.As for the preclinical protocol, patients with heart rate less than 75 beats per minute were pretreated with nitrates (n=278),0.25 mg.Mean heart rate changes from pre to postdose HR were assessed.Results The patients whose mean heart rate changes from pre to postdose were larger than 10 beats per minute was 8(4.4%) for group A and 10(4.8%) for group B.No statistically differences were observed between them(P>0.05).With only intravenous injections of two contrast agents, the patients' heart rates decreased in both groups (4.2 vs 2.7 beats per minute,P>0.05), while the effect could be reduced by nitrates.Conclusion There is no difference in the heart rate between the 2 agents after intravenous injection of either iodixanol-320 or iopromide-370 in coronary CTA with approximately 4% patients whose mean heart rate changes from preto postdose were larger than 10 beats per minute in each group.

Diagnostic value of two-channel amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram in neonatal seizures with simultaneous video electroencephalogram / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To characterize contemporary electrographic neonatal seizures by video electroencephalogram (VEEG) and to assess the value and the limitations of two-channel (C3-C4/T3-T4) amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) plus original EEG signals used to diagnose neonatal seizure with video EEG as a golden standard.Methods Sixty-six neonates admitted to Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2011 to July 2011 with clinical or suspected clinical seizure were investigated and bedside VEEG were recorded for more than 3 hours.VEEG signals were transformed into three kinds of aEEG signals by Galileo NT PMS software:one-channel aEEG (C3-C4),one-channel aEEG (C3-C4) plus original EEG,two-channel aEEG (C3-C4/T3-T4) plus original EEG.Electrical seizure activity on VEEG was signed out with respect to its occurrence,duration and localization of seizure onset; while aEEG seizure was recorded only with its occurrence.The relationship between aEEG and VEEG was analyzed by Spearman analysis.The value and the limitations of aEEG to diagnose neonatal seizure were evaluated by sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value.Results A total of 62 traces were suitable for analysis.(1) VEEG showed 39 seizure activities,among which 8 status epilepticus; and the rest 31 neonates had 352 non-status epilepticus electrical seizures,79.3％ (279/352) of which occurred over the centrotemporal region.(2) Eight cases with status epilepticus on VEEG were all diagnosed as status epilepticus on aEEG.For non-status epilepticus electrical seizures,the sensitivity of aEEG for detection of electrical seizures was as followed:49.1％ (173/352) for one-channel aEEG,54.5 ％ (192/352) for one-channel aEEG plus original EEG,81.2％ (286/353) for two-channel aEEG plus original EEG.Results from one-channel aEEG,one-channel aEEG plus original EEG and two-channel aEEG plus original EEG were all related to VEEG (ρ =0.790,0.907 and 0.953,respectively,P＜ 0.01).(3) Sensitivity of seizure detection was 66.7％ (26/39,95％ CI:0.62-0.81) for one-channel aEEG,74.4％(29/39,95％ CI:0.78-0.96) for one-channel aEEG(C3-C4) plus original EEG and 89.7％ (35/39,95％ CI:0.89-1.00) for two-channel aEEG(C3-C4/T3-T4) plus original EEG.Conclusions VEEG might help aEEG in diagnosis of neonatal seizure.two-channel aEEG (C3-C4/T3-T4) plus original EEG could significantly increase the sensitivity of neonatal seizures indentification.

Functional study of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase based on cell-penetrating peptide delivery system / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

Objective p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a crossing center of various pathways. In this study, protein transduction system based on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transactivator of transcription (TAT), which is an efficient delivery peptide of the foreign proteins into cells, was employed to study p38 MAPK functions in eukaryotic cells. Methods p38 And its dominant negative form, p38AF, were constructed into pET-His-TAT vector correctly to verify that the recombinant plasmids were well-founded through restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. The two proteins, His-TAT-p38 and His-TAT-p38AF, were expressed and purified in Escherichia coli by SDS-PAGE. Then they were incubated with ECV304 cells respectively and readily transduced into cells in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. The cells were stimulated by sorbitol. Activating transcription factor (ATF) 2 phosphorylation level was checked using Western blot to assess the activity of endogenous p38. Results Compared with controls, it was found that His-TAT-p38 increased the level ofATF2 phosphorylation in sorbitol-stimulated ECV304 cells, while His-TAT-p38AF inhibited it, indicating p38 MAPK protein delivery system based on TAT was constructed successfully. TAT-p38 and its dominant negative form possessed high biological activity after transduction into ECV304 cells by TAT protein delivery system. The results showed that p38AF fused with TAT could inhibit the transduction of endogenous p38 signal pathway in part, and other pathway might regulate p38 phosphorylation. Conclusions Our study provides a novel pathway to inhibit p38 signal pathway and establish a new method to study p38 function.

Towards kinetic modeling of global metabolic networks: Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 growth as validation / 生物工程学报

Here we report a systematic method for constructing a large scale kinetic metabolic model and its initial application to the modeling of central metabolism of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1, a methylotrophic and environmental important bacterium. Its central metabolic network includes formaldehyde metabolism, serine cycle, citric acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, gluconeogensis, PHB synthesis and acetyl-CoA conversion pathway, respiration and energy metabolism. Through a systematic and consistent procedure of finding a set of parameters in the physiological range we overcome an outstanding difficulty in large scale kinetic modeling: the requirement for a massive number of enzymatic reaction parameters. We are able to construct the kinetic model based on general biological considerations and incomplete experimental kinetic parameters. Our method consists of the following major steps: (1) using a generic enzymatic rate equation to reduce the number of enzymatic parameters to a minimum set while still preserving their characteristics; (2) using a set of steady state fluxes and metabolite concentrations in the physiological range as the expected output steady state fluxes and metabolite concentrations for the kinetic model to restrict the parametric space of enzymatic reactions; (3) choosing enzyme constants K's and K'(eqS) optimized for reactions under physiological concentrations, if their experimental values are unknown; (4) for models which do not cover the entire metabolic network of the organisms, designing a dynamical exchange for the coupling between the metabolism represented in the model and the rest not included.

Thermal Stability and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the process and mechanism of thermal decomposition of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride(CPLX).METHODS:With Al2O3 as reference substance,the samples in nitrogen gas were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermogravimetry(TG),digital thermogravimetry(DTG).The thermal kinetic parameters including the energy of activation(E),pre-exponential factor(A),reaction order(n) and pk value were computed based on the data of the thermal analysis curves.RESULTS:The thermal kinetic parameters were as follows:E=101.18 kJ?mol-1,lnA=26.96 s-,n=1,and pk=7.01,and the storage life of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride under normal temperature was 2 years.CONCLUSION:The thermal analysis method is simple and the result is reliable in the study of thermal decomposition of ciprofloxa-cin hydrochloride.

Application of PBL teaching method in teaching distribution of bacterias / 中华医学教育探索杂志

PBL is a new teaching method.Applying it to the teching of distribution of bacterias can fully display students'subjective initiative and have good teaching effect ant at the same time build the new model of PBL in medical education.

Clinical characteristics and prevention of myopia in children / 医学研究生学报

Objectives:To study the clinical characteristics of myopia in children and the measures to prevent it. Methods:748 patients with myopia were analyzed by refraction examination. Results:By the classification of the causes of myopia, the simple myopia constitutes the majority. By the degrees of the disease, the number of mild myopia was the first and moderate myopia was the second. By the patterns,the amount of compound myopic astigmatism was the majority. The correction of simple myopia or mild and moderate myopia was the most effective way. Of the patients(4～14 years), the age of 12 years had the highest myopia rate. Conclusions:To pay great attention to the prevention works of myopia in grade school years. Correcting refraction exactly and on time is an effective method to slow down the progression of myopia in children.

Relationships between induction of apoptosis by Taxol in Hela cells and apoptosis-related proteins / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of taxol on apoptosis in Hela cell and the mechanism of apoptosis. The apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL, HE, eletronic micrpscopy and flow cytometry method. The expressions and activity of apoptosis associated proteins such as PCNA and caspase-3 were examined using S-P and enzyme histochemistric method.The results followed as: HeLa cells exposed to Taxol undergo cell death, presenting morphological and biochemical characteristics typical of apoptosis and the apoptotic cells increased with time and concentration. In contrast to untreated Hela cells, which express low PCNA, Ones treated with Taxol expressed high amounts of PCNA. Conclusion Taxol may induced apoptosis in Hela cell. The apoptosis induced by taxol is related to the increase of PCNA protein and activity of caspase-3.

Study on the Energy Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle of Healthy People in Different Age Group using Phosphorus MR Spectroscopy / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the energy metabolism of normal muscle in different age group.Methods Noninvasive 31P-MRS was acquired from quadriceps muscles in healthy people including 10 adults and 6 juvenile.Peak areas were standardized for longitudinal saturation and coil inhomogeneity.The concentration of phosphomonoesterase(PME),inorganic phosphate(Pi),phosphodiesterase(PDE),phosphocreatine(CrP)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)was determined from spectra.Concentrations of adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and phosphorylation potential(PP)were calculated from the biochemistry reaction equilibrium.Enzymatically active magnesium ATP complex Mg-ATP and pH value were determined from relative chemical shift.Results Normal muscle had prominent high energy phosphate peaks,the mean concentration of CP and ATP was 24.76 and 18.38 mmol/kg in adults,25.52 and 21.36 mmol/kg in young subject.In comparison with adult group,young subjects had lower PDE and higher ATP values.pH value,magnesium ATP and total magnesium were higher in young subjects too.Pi,CP,ADP,PP,free Mg2+ and free ATP concentration were similar in both group.Conclusion High energy compounds were slightly higher in juvenile subjects.31P-MRS is a noninvasive technique to evaluate energy metabolism in different age group.

Calreticulin is involved in the protection of hypoxic preconditioning against cardiomyoblast H9c2 cell oxidative injury / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate whether hypoxic preconditioning(HPC)protects cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells against oxidative injury,and to discuss whether calreticulin(CRT)contribute to this protection through p38 MAPK signaling pathway.METHODS:Cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells were randomly divided into eight groups as follows:hydrogen peroxide stress(H2O2);brief hypoxic exposure of 20 min to simulate hypoxic preconditioning(HPC);20 min of hypoxic exposure followed by 24 h of normoxic reoxygenation before hydrogen peroxide stress(HPC+H2O2),SB203580(the specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK)+HPC+H2O2,antisense oligonucleotides transfection of calreticulin(AS),AS+H2O2,AS+HPC+H2O2 and control.Morphological studies,estimation of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)leakage and flow cytometry were employed to assess the cell apoptosis and necrosis.RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis was used to detect calreticulin expression and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.RESULTS:The results obtained are as follows:(1)HPC relieved cell injury caused by H2O2.Compared with those in H2O2 group,apoptosis rate and LDH leakage in culture medium in HPC + H2O2 group decreased 13.4% and 44.0%,respectively(P

The Relationship between the Peak Value of Contrast Media Reaching Abdominal Aorta and Patients’ Factors / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the peak value of contrast media reaching abdominal aorta andpatients’ factors.Methods Ominpaque 300 mgI/ml 20 ml was injected at a rate of 2.5 ml/s in 108 patients and after 12 s was tracked by test bolus in the abdominal aorta at the level of celiac trunk, then the peak value in the abdominal aorta was achieved by the software dynamic evaluation. Regression analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used to study how the peak value of contrast media reaching abdominal aorta influenced by the patients’ factors including patients’ gender, age, height, weight, heart rate, blood pressure, injection site, peak time, and whether being with heart disease , diabetes mellitus or chemo . Results The peak value of contrast media reaching abdominal aorta was lower in male than that in female averagely, decreased gradually as the patients’ height, weight and peak time increased. The peak value of the injection site in the vein of hand back was lower than that of the cubitus generally and it was not influenced by the patients’ heart rate, blood pressure or whether being with heart disease, diabetes mellitus or chemo. Recommended formula of peak value(HU)=383.8400-Height(cm)?1.0909-Weight(kg)?0.6760+injection site?16.7878-peak time(s)?1.6882.Conclusion The volume of contrast media used in patients needing exam of CT angiography can be adjusted according to the patients’ age, gender, height, weight, injection site and peak time.